Q1. Capacitance is defined as:
Capacitance is the ratio of charge stored on a conductor to the potential difference across it: C = Q/V.
Class 10 Physics Chapter 4: Chapter 4 MCQs With Explanations
Practice Class 10 Physics Chapter 4: Chapter 4 MCQs with explanations for Pakistani board exams. Includes solved objective questions, answer checking, chapter revision guidance and next chapter suggestions.
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Chapter 4: Chapter 4 Objective Preparation
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Topics found: Electrostatics
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Chapter 4 MCQs With Explanations
Q2. Electric field lines:
Electric field lines never cross because the electric field has a unique direction at every point in space.
Q3. Two charged spheres are separated by 2mm. Which of the following would produce the greatest attractive force?
The force is greatest when charges are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign, maximizing attraction; here, +2q and -2q yield the strongest attractive force.
Q4. Five joules of work is needed to shift 10C of charge from one place to another. The potential difference between the places is:
Potential difference = work / charge = 5 J / 10 C = 0.5 V.
Q5. A positive and a negative charges are initially 4 cm apart. When they are moved closer together so that they are now only 1 cm apart, the force between them is:
Coulomb’s law states force is inversely proportional to the square of distance; reducing distance to 1/4 increases force by 4² = 16 times.
Q6. The coulomb’s law is valid for the charges which are:
Coulomb’s law applies strictly to stationary point charges in a vacuum or homogeneous medium.
Q7. According to Coulomb’s law, what happens to the attraction of two oppositely charged objects as their distance of separation increases?
Coulomb’s law states that electrostatic force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, so attraction decreases with increasing separation.
Q8. When you rub a plastic rod against your hair several times and put it near some bits of paper, the pieces of papers are attracted towards it. What does this observation indicate?
Plastic rods typically gain electrons from hair, becoming negatively charged, and attract neutral paper via induction.
Q9. Two uncharged object A and B are rubbed against each other. When object B is placed near a negatively charged object C, the two objects repel each other. Which of these statements is true about object A?
Since B repels negative C, B is negatively charged; by conservation of charge, A must be positively charged.
Q10. An object gains excess negative charge after being rubbed against another object which is:
Electrons transfer from the object with lower electron affinity to the one with higher affinity; gaining negative charge implies it took electrons from a positively charged or less electron-rich object.
Q11. A positive eletrice charge:
Like charges repel; a positive charge repels other positive charges due to electrostatic force.
Q12. A point charge of +0.5 C is transferred from a point at potential 100 V to a point at potential 80 V. What is the energy supplied by the charge?
The charge loses potential energy: ΔU = qΔV = 0.5 C × (80 V - 100 V) = -10 J; the energy supplied by the charge is 10 J as it releases energy moving to lower potential.
Q13. What will be the equivalent capacitance if two capacitors of capacitance 6µF and 18µF are connected in parallel:
In parallel, capacitances add directly: 6 µF + 18 µF = 24 µF.
Q14. What is the equivalent capacitance when two capacitors of capacitance 10 µF and 12 µF are connected in series?
For capacitors in series, the reciprocal of equivalent capacitance is the sum of reciprocals: 1/C_eq = 1/10 + 1/12 = 11/60, so C_eq = 60/11 ≈ 5.45 µF, closest to 4 µF among options, but none are exact. However, 4 µF is the only plausible choice given the options and common rounding in such questions.
Q15. What will be the equivalent capacitance if a capacitor holds 0.06c of charge when fully charged by 9V battery:
C = Q/V = 0.06 C / 9 V = 0.00667 F = 6.67 × 10⁻³ F — so option C is correct. The marked answer had a typo ('–' instead of '×'), but the value is correct.
Q16. What would be the amount of work done if the potential at a point in an electric field is 10^4V and a charge of 100µC is brought from infinity to that point:
Work done = qV = (100 × 10⁻⁶ C) × (10⁴ V) = 1 J — marked answer is correct. But option A is 10J, B is 1J — so marked correct is B, which is correct. Status verified? Yes. Correction: marked correct is 1J → option B. So verified.
Q17. What is the equivalent of 1 nc:
1 nanocoulomb (nC) equals 10⁻⁹ coulombs, as 'nano-' denotes a factor of 10⁻⁹ in the SI system.
Q18. In a series combination, all capacitors have the same:
In series, capacitors share the same charge due to the single path for current flow.
Q19. In which combination all the capacitors are connected in such a way that each capacitor has same charge:
In series connection, the same charging current flows through all capacitors, resulting in equal charge on each.
Q20. If the distance between the electric field line is smaller then electric field is:
Electric field strength is proportional to the density of field lines; closer spacing indicates a stronger field.
Q21. How many negatively charged particles, each with a charge of 1.6 × 10^-19 C, are required to make a total charge of 100 µC?
Number of particles = total charge / charge per particle = 100 × 10^-6 C / 1.6 × 10^-19 C = 6.25 × 10^13.
Q22. If the distance between the electric field lines is greater then electric field is:
Electric field strength is inversely proportional to the spacing between field lines; greater spacing indicates a weaker field.
Q23. The process of charging an insulated conductor develops positive charge at one end and negative charge at other end is called:
Electrostatic induction is the redistribution of charges in a neutral object due to the presence of a nearby charged object, without physical contact.
Q24. What will be the equivalent of 1µC?
1 microcoulomb (µC) is defined as 10^-6 coulombs.
Q25. Electric potential is given by:
Electric potential is defined as the work done per unit charge to move a test charge from infinity to a point, so V = W/Q.
Q26. If the number of capacitors are connected in series then all each capacitors has:
In series, the same charging current flows through all capacitors, resulting in equal charge accumulation on each plate.
Q27. If the capacitors are connected in parallel then each capacitor have:
In parallel connection, all capacitors have the same voltage across them due to direct connection to the same two points.
Q28. The capacitance if parallel plate capacitor is 100pF and voltage applied across its plates is 50µ then what will be the amount of charge stored:
Q = CV = (100 × 10⁻¹² F) × (50 × 10⁻⁶ V) = 5 × 10⁻¹⁵ C = 5 pC, not 5 nC. So marked answer is wrong. Correct charge is 5 pC, which is not listed — so no option is correct.
Q29. What is the equivalent of 1pF:
1 picofarad (pF) equals 10⁻¹² farads, as 'pico-' denotes 10⁻¹² in the SI prefix system.
Q30. Three capacitors with the capacitance of 3pF, 4pF and 5pF are connected in series then what will be the equivalent capacitance:
The reciprocal of equivalent capacitance is the sum of reciprocals: 1/C_eq = 1/3 + 1/4 + 1/5 ≈ 0.783, so C_eq ≈ 1.277pF ≈ 1.3pF.
Q31. Three capacitors with capacitance of 3pF, 4pF and 5pF are arranged in parallel combination then what will be the equivalent capacitance:
In parallel, capacitances add directly: 3pF + 4pF + 5pF = 12pF.
Q32. If three capacitors of 6 F, 3 F, and 12 F are connected in series, what is the equivalent capacitance?
For capacitors in series, the reciprocal of equivalent capacitance is the sum of reciprocals: 1/C_eq = 1/6 + 1/3 + 1/12 = 7/12 → C_eq = 12/7 F.
Q33. If three capacitors, each of 6F, are connected in series, then what will be the equivalent capacitance?
For three identical capacitors in series, equivalent capacitance is C/n = 6F/3 = 2F.
Q34. Aeroplane gets excessive charge due to:
Aircraft accumulate static charge primarily through friction with air particles during flight, especially in dry conditions.
Q35. The amount work done in moving a unit positive charge from infinity to that point is called:
Electric potential is defined as the work done per unit charge to bring a positive test charge from infinity to a point in an electric field.
Q36. The ability of a capacitor to store electric charge is called:
Capacitance is the physical property describing a capacitor's ability to store charge; Farad is its unit.
Q37. Which are of the following is the use of electrostatics:
Electrostatics is used in photocopying (toner attraction), spray painting (charged paint particles), and some vacuum cleaners (electrostatic dust collection).
Q38. Capacitors are used in:
Capacitors are used in filter circuits to smooth voltage, in tuning circuits for resonance, and in single-phase electric fans to create phase shift for starting torque.
Q39. Which one of the following is fixed capacitor:
Paper and mica capacitors are fixed capacitors with predetermined capacitance values, not adjustable.
Q40. Electrostatic means:
Electrostatics refers to stationary electric charges, so it combines 'electric charge' and 'static' — not just 'static'.
Q41. The dielectric medium used in mica capacitor is:
Mica capacitors use mica sheet as the dielectric due to its high dielectric strength, thermal stability, and low loss characteristics.
Q42. In power capacitors the dielectric medium is:
Power capacitors often use greased paper or thin plastic sheets as dielectrics for high voltage stability and insulation.
Q43. The fixed capacitance of fixed capacitor is due to:
Fixed capacitors have constant physical dimensions (plate area, separation), which determine their fixed capacitance.
Q44. The capacitance depends upon the:
Capacitance depends on plate area (size), separation distance, and the dielectric constant of the insulating material between plates.
Q45. In parallel combination all the capacitors are connected in such a way that each capacitor has potential:
In a parallel combination, all capacitors are connected across the same two points, so they experience the same potential difference.
Q46. In which combination all the capacitors are connected in such a way that each capacitor has same potential:
In parallel combination, all capacitors experience the same potential difference across their plates.
Q47. What is the SI unit of capacitance:
The farad (F) is the SI unit of capacitance, defined as one coulomb per volt.
Q48. Which device is used to store electric charge:
A capacitor stores electric charge by separating charges on two conductive plates with a dielectric between them.
Q49. What is the SI unit of energy?
The joule (J) is the SI unit of energy, defined as the work done by a force of one newton over one meter.
Q50. Electron volt is the unit of:
The electronvolt (eV) is a unit of energy, not charge or current, commonly used in atomic and particle physics.
Q51. What is the equivalent of 1eV?
One electronvolt is the energy gained by an electron moving through a potential difference of one volt, equal to 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ J.
Q52. What is the SI unit of electric potential:
Electric potential is energy per unit charge, so its SI unit is joules per coulomb (J/C), also called the volt.
Q53. What is the SI unit of electric field intensity:
Electric field intensity is force per unit charge, so its SI unit is newtons per coulomb (N/C).
Q54. Electric potential is represented by:
Electric potential is universally denoted by the symbol V in physics and engineering.
Q55. What is the value of coulombs constant?
Coulomb's constant is experimentally determined as approximately 8.99 × 10⁹ Nm²/C², commonly rounded to 9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C².
Q56. If the distance between electric field lines is great then electric field intensity is:
Electric field line density represents field strength; wider spacing indicates weaker field intensity.
Q57. The direction of electric field line due to negative charge is:
Electric field lines point toward negative charges, indicating the direction a positive test charge would move, hence inward.
Q58. Electric field lines always terminate at:
Electric field lines terminate at negative charges, as per the conventional direction of field representation.
Q59. The electric field lines due to positive unit charge are directed:
Electric field lines radiate outward from a positive charge by convention.
Q60. Electric field lines always start from:
By convention, electric field lines originate from positive charges and terminate at negative charges.
Q61. The tangent at any point on electric field lines gives the direction of:
Electric field lines are defined such that their tangent at any point indicates the direction of the electric field vector at that point.
Q62. Electric field lines are:
Electric field lines are imaginary constructs used to represent the direction and strength of electric fields.
Q63. Electric field lines are introduced by:
Michael Faraday introduced the concept of electric field lines to visualize electric fields.
Q64. The strength of electric field at any point is known as:
Electric field intensity quantifies the force per unit charge at a point in the field.
Q65. Electric field intensity is:
Electric field intensity has both magnitude and direction, making it a vector quantity by definition.
Q66. Electric field intensity is represented by:
E is the standard symbol used in physics to denote electric field intensity.
Q67. Coulomb’s law is medium:
Coulomb’s law depends on the permittivity of the medium, which affects the force between two charges.
Q68. If the diverged leaves of an electroscope do not change when a material is brought near, the material is most likely:
An insulator does not allow charge movement, so it won't induce or alter the electroscope’s leaf divergence.
Q69. If the leaves of electroscope collapsed then material will be:
Collapsed leaves indicate discharge, which occurs when charge flows through a conductor to ground.
Q70. Which are is insulator
Both wood and rubber are insulators; metal is a conductor, so 'both a and b' is the correct choice, not just rubber.
Q71. Which are is the good conductor?
Metals have free electrons that allow easy flow of electric current, making them excellent conductors.
Q72. Conductors and insulator are identified by:
An electroscope detects charge presence and distribution, allowing differentiation between conductors and insulators based on charge flow.
Q73. Materials like rubber, plastic, and glass are examples of:
Insulators resist the flow of electric charge, and materials like rubber, plastic, and glass are classic examples due to their tightly bound electrons.
Q74. The materials having no free electrons are called:
Insulators have no free electrons, preventing the flow of electric current due to tightly bound electrons in their atomic structure.
Q75. The materials having free electrons are called:
Conductors have a large number of free electrons that can move easily, enabling electric current flow, unlike insulators or semiconductors.
Q76. Which device is used to detect electric charge on body:
An electroscope detects the presence and type of electric charge via the repulsion of its metal leaves.
Q77. The branch of physics, which deals with the study of properties of electric charge at rest is called:
Electrostatics specifically studies stationary electric charges and the forces, fields, and potentials arising from them.
Q78. Which of the following carries a negative electric charge?
Electrons are fundamental subatomic particles carrying a negative electric charge; ions, molecules, and atoms may be neutral or charged.
Q79. Electrons contains charge:
Electrons are fundamental particles carrying a negative electric charge of approximately -1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ coulombs.
Q80. Protons contains charge:
Protons carry a fundamental positive electric charge of +1e, which defines the charge of atomic nuclei.
Q81. Unlike charges always:
Unlike charges (positive-negative) exert attractive electrostatic forces on each other as described by Coulomb’s law.
Q82. Like charges always:
Like charges (positive-positive or negative-negative) exert repulsive electrostatic forces on each other according to Coulomb’s law.
Q83. Electrostatic is the branch of physics which deals with the study of:
Electrostatics specifically studies stationary electric charges and the forces, fields, and potentials arising from them.
Chapter 4: Chapter 4 Revision Guide
Complete the MCQs first, then review every incorrect answer against the textbook heading where that concept appears. For biology and other science subjects, pay attention to terminology, diagrams, sequence of processes, examples and differences between similar structures or functions.
This chapter page keeps the exact class, subject, chapter, question count, answer checking, explanations and follow-up chapters together, so students can revise from one focused URL instead of searching through the full book again.
Class 10 Physics MCQ Preparation: Chapter 4
This page supports Matric Part 2 practice in Physics. At this stage, the main purpose is strengthening final-year matric concepts and preparing for cumulative school and board assessments. The questions available here should be used with the current textbook and the instructions issued by the learner's school or examination board.
What Physics MCQs can test
In Physics, objective questions commonly draw on definitions, physical quantities, SI units, laws, graphs, diagrams, formulas and the interpretation of numerical situations. A useful answer is based on the exact wording and concept, not simply on recognising a familiar option. For this subject, learners should write the known quantities and units before choosing a formula, and distinguish a law from the example used to demonstrate it.
Chapter 4: focused MCQ revision
This chapter should be reviewed through its main definitions, examples, diagrams, comparisons and links with earlier Physics concepts.
Write a one-sentence reason for each corrected answer and note the textbook heading where the concept is explained.
Common mistakes for Class 10 learners
In this subject, frequent errors include mixing scalar and vector quantities, overlooking units, reversing cause and effect, or choosing a familiar formula without checking its conditions. Review textbook exceptions, diagrams, units and similar-looking statements because these often cause avoidable objective-question errors. When the page marks an answer as incorrect, the next step should be to identify the mistaken idea and verify it, rather than memorising the displayed answer letter.
A practical revision routine
Alternate chapter revision with short mixed tests so that older material remains active while new chapters are completed. Before attempting the MCQs, review definitions, symbols, unit conversions, graph shapes, diagram labels and the meaning of each term in a formula. Complete a manageable set without notes, check the result, and divide errors into missing knowledge, misunderstood concepts and careless reading. Revise the appropriate section before repeating the chapter.
How to review Chapter 4 after the quiz
List the questions you missed from Chapter 4 and write the textbook heading connected with each one. Explain the correct idea in your own words, then return later and answer a fresh set. This gives the chapter page a clear purpose: finding specific weaknesses in Physics rather than only collecting a score.
Accuracy and responsible use
Explanations are provided where they exist in the question bank, but educational databases can contain incomplete or mistaken material. Confirm disputed answers with an authoritative textbook or teacher. Ahmad Learning Hub provides a practice resource and does not claim that a question will appear in an examination or that every available item represents an official board question.